Family-Centered Care in Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care: Implementation Models, Parental Outcomes, and Healthcare Professional Perspectives: Perawatan Yang Berpusat Pada Keluarga Dalam Perawatan Intensif Neonatal Dan Anak: Model Implementasi, Hasil Orang Tua, Dan Perspektif Profesional Kesehatan

Johan Tirta; Indri Ananda Hasanah; Andi Mir’atul Hayat Sinosi; Taamu Taamu

Authors

Johan Tirta Department of Nursing, STIKES Karya Kesehatan Kendari
Indri Ananda hasanah Department of Organizational Psychology, UTEL University
Andi Mir’atul Hayat Sinosi Department of Nursing, IIK Pelamonia Makassar
Taamu Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kendari

Keywords:

NICU, PICU, FCC, Neonatal, Child

Abstract

Background: Global neonatal deaths reached 2.28 million in 2023, with high prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among parents of infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) and Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs). Family-Centered Care (FCC) is needed to address the fragmentation of implementation models, parental outcomes, and health professional perspectives. Objective: To map FCC implementation models, evaluate the impact on parental stress, and summarize experiences and barriers of healthcare workers in NICU/PICU. Methods: Systematic literature review using PRISMA 2020 on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2020-2025), with PICOS framework. From 3,047 articles screened, 16 mixed-methods, qualitative, and RCT studies were included. Results: FCC models such as FICare and Close Collaboration improved parental participation, infant growth, and satisfaction; however, mothers are at higher risk of distress despite high participation. Structural barriers (space, staff) dominate. Conclusions: Structured FCC effectively improves clinical and family outcomes, but persistent parental distress occurs due to limited resources. Suggestion: Adopt contextual FCC with organizational support, framework standardization, long-term evaluation, and cost analysis.

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